When you heat nitrous oxide ( N2O ) or NOx to about 300 degree celcius , it splits into nitrogen and oxygen.
So the injection of nitrous oxide into an engine means that more oxygen is available during combustion.
Because you have more oxygen you can inject more fuel , allowing the same engine to produce more power.
Nitrous oxide is one of the simplest way to provide a significant horsepower boost to any gasoline engine.
NOx has another effect that improves performance even more.
When it vaporizes , nitrous oxide provides a significant cooling effect on the intake air.
When you reduce the intake air temperature , you increase the air's density and this provides even more oxygen inside the cylinder.
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